Andrew Jackson Make America Great Again Donkey
by Helen Kampion
The ass and elephant have long represented the Democratic and Republican Parties. But how did they choose them? Did they spend months deliberating? Was a constabulary passed? Was in that location a public vote? Actually neither party set out to find an icon. The acceptance of these symbols grew out of negative comments and political cartoons. Here's how it happened.
Democrats
The Democratic Party'due south first association with the donkey came near during the 1828 campaign of Democrat Andrew Jackson. Running on a populist platform (by the people, for the people) and using a slogan of "Let the People Rule," Jackson's opponents referred to him as a jackass (donkey). Much to their chagrin, Jackson incorporated the jackass into his campaign posters. During Jackson'south presidency the donkey was used to symbolize his stubbornness by his opponents.
After Andrew Jackson left office, political cartoonists furthered the Democrat and donkey connexion. An 1837 cartoon depicted Jackson leading a donkey which refused to follow, portraying that Democrats would not exist led by the previous president.
The habit of associating the donkey and the Democratic Party had begun.
Republicans
The primeval connectedness of the elephant to the Republican Party was an illustration in an 1864 Abraham Lincoln presidential campaign paper, Father Abraham. It showed an elephant belongings a imprint and celebrating Union victories. During the Civil State of war, "seeing the elephant" was slang for engaging in gainsay then the elephant was a logical choice to represent successful battles.
The elephant appeared once again in an 1872 issue of Harper's Weekly where it depicted Liberal Republicans.
For whatsoever reason, political cartoonists and the public did not still associate the elephant with the Republican Party.
THOMAS NAST, Political Cartoonist
Thomas Nast is widely credited with perpetuating the donkey and elephant equally symbols for the Democratic and Republican Parties. Nast offset used the ass in an 1870 issue of Harper'south Weekly to represent an anti-war faction with whom he disagreed and in 1871, he used the elephant to warning Republicans that their intra-political party fighting was detrimental to the upcoming elections.
Republican Ulysses Grant had been president for two terms and was contemplating a tertiary (it wasn't until 1951 when the 22nd Amendment limited presidents to ii terms). The cartoon depicted a donkey wearing a panthera leo's skin emblazoned with the words "Caesarism" (an undemocratic attempt to wield imperial power) frightening away an elephant wearing the words, "Republican Vote." Later this drawing appeared, Nast used the elephant again and again to represent the "Republican Vote." Eventually the "Vote" cruel away and the elephant and Republican Party became synonymous.
It'southward amazing to call back that an insult, a war phrase, and dry humor influenced the symbols which came to represent two of the near powerful political parties in the world.
Below are two boosted cartoons that include the donkey and elephant created by Thomas Nast, both of which were featured on the cover of Harper's Weekly.
Read More than
- Read more about Thomas Nast, take a expect at a portfolio of his cartoons, and review questions in the teacher'due south guide on the Cartoons website created by the Ohio State University Libraries at: cartoons.osu.edu/digital_albums/thomasnast/.
- Our outset two presidents, George Washington and John Adams, both adamantly opposed the development of political parties. Yet, our nation'south first 2 political parties—the Federalist Party and the Republican Political party—were both formed during Washington's second term. Learn all about the ascension of political parties in America and how they have inverse over the years in "Choosing Sides: The Ascent of Party Politics."
- Detect more information nigh all our nation'south political parties by checking out the "Links for National Political Parties."
- Not all our presidents have been a Democrat or a Republican! Notice the political political party amalgamation of each of our nation's presidents, including which presidents were Whigs, in "The Presidential Fact Files."
Discussion Questions for Young People at Home and in the Classroom
- What positive and negative traits practise donkeys have?
- What positive and negative traits do elephants have?
- Exercise you think the donkey and elephant were the best choices to represent the Autonomous and Republican Parties? Why? Why not? What animals would you have picked and why?
- What kind of creature best represents you? Why?
- Practice you lot think political cartoons influence readers? How so?
- Would a cartoon change your listen or but make you aware of the other side of an consequence?
- Are political cartoons a good use of Freedom of Speech communication?
Activities for Immature People at Home and in the Classroom
- Enquiry how the Autonomous and Republican Parties came to exist. The beginning party called themselves Federalists. Visit your local library to learn more than and as well read "Choosing Sides: The Rise of Party Politics." Discuss the following questions: Why was the kickoff political party called the Federalists? What did they stand for? What party came next? What did they correspond? What did this next party change their name to? What happened to the Federalists after the War of 1812? Who became the Whigs?
- How did the Republican Party go the proper noun G Old Party?
- What are the differences between our current Democratic and Republican Parties?
- How many of our Presidents were Democrats? How many of our Presidents were Republicans?
- Divide the grade into two groups-Democrats and Republicans. Have each grouping research their party to determine the bones platforms and the names and dates of their party's presidents. Accept each grouping nowadays its political party's cadre beliefs. As a grade, draw a time line of our presidents, identifying each party. Have we had more Democratic or Republican presidents?
- Our nation has had other political parties in our history. What were they? Did they have mascots or symbols to represent them? Exercise you call back the symbols were accurate?
- Divide the class into three groups and requite them a century to inquiry (1800, 1900, and 2000). Place each party, what it stood for, if information technology had a mascot, and how that mascot reflected the party's beliefs.
- Elephants are native to Asia and Africa and donkeys were brought here by explorers. Take the class study animals that were native to America in the 1800s and come upwardly with two that best represent the Democrats and Republicans. Talk over why each was chosen and how its characteristics reflect the Democratic and Republican Parties.
Reference Sources
Books
Anderson, Dale. The Republican Party: The Story of the Thousand Old Party. Minneapolis: Bespeak Books: Compass Point Books, 2006.
Paine, Albert Bigelow. Thomas Nast: His Menstruum and His Pictures . Charleston: Nabu Press, 2010.
Sabato, Larry and Howard R. Ernst. Encyclopedia of American Political Parties and Elections. New York: Checkmark Books, 2007.
Sperber, Hans and Travis Trittschuh. American Political Term: An Historical Dictionary . Detroit: Wayne State University Printing, 1969.
Wayne, Stephen J., et al. Conflict and Consensus in American Politics . Stamford: Cenage Learning, 2008.
Online Resources
Adler, John. HarpWeek. 2008. 5 Baronial 2012.
http://elections.harpweek.com/1864/drawing-1864-Medium.asp?UniqueID=iv&Year=
Kennedy, Robert C. NYTimes. 2001. five August 2012.
http://world wide web.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/1107.html
©2016 by Helen Kampion; The National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance
© 2022 The National Children'southward Book and Literacy Alliance
Source: https://ourwhitehouse.org/the-donkey-and-the-elephant/
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